Conventional vehicles use gasoline or diesel to power an internal combustion engine. Hybrids also use an internal combustion engine—and can be fueled like normal cars—but also have an electric motor and battery. By using both a conventional engine and electric motor, the best hybrids achieve significantly better fuel efficiency than their non-hybrid counterparts. If you're interested in buying a new car with a focus on the latest fuel-efficient technology, then you're probably trying to choose between a plug-in hybrid and an.
This post comes to us from MACS member Airsept. Some hybrid vehicles use air conditioning compressors that are operated by an electric motor instead of a drive belt. The motor’s insulated windings are immersed in the compressor’s lubricating oil. The oils used in these compressors have high dielectric (non-conductive) properties. DENSO has produced a chart showing that as little as 1% contamination by an improper oil can affect the dielectric properties. If a different type of oil somehow makes its way into one of these compressors, and if the insulation on the windings has become damaged or compromised, a variety of problems may occur.● The greatest risk is that the oil may conduct high voltage to the compressor case or connected components.
A person may receive an electric shock if they touch the compressor, engine, etc. And an appropriate ground.● Sensors in the compressor case can detect very small voltage leaks. Once a leak is detected, the control system will shut down the compressor.As drastic as it may seem, in service bulletins, some hybrid vehicle manufacturers state that all of the refrigeration system components must be replaced if oil cross contamination has occurred.Some shop equipment may introduce an unacceptable level of oil contamination if used to charge refrigerant into a hybrid vehicle with an electric motor driven compressor. Residual incorrect oil may remain in the equipment’s hoses and internal plumbing, and be delivered into the system during the charge process.Recovery/ recycling/ recharge (RRR) machines that meet SAE specification J2788H are acceptable for use on hybrid vehicles with electrically driven compressors, and they may also be used for conventional A/C systems. These RRR machines are designed to prevent a harmful amount of oil from mixing with the refrigerant during charging.J2788H machines also do not contain oil injection capability, and this prevents the possibility of any type of oil being dispensed from the machine. If an older, SAE J2210 (or a “non-H” J2788) machine is used for conventional A/C systems, it cannot be used to recharge the A/C systems on hybrid vehicles that use an electrically driven compressor. However, there is a device whose use can permit an exception.To allow the use of non-J2788H RRR machines on certain hybrids (and conventional systems as well), an add-on filter is available.
It is designed to remove oil, dye, and other liquid or particulate contaminants from refrigerant during recharge. This special filter is placed in series between the RRR machine and the vehicle.It vaporizes the refrigerant, and traps and holds the vast majority of non-vaporous materials (including oil), so they cannot enter the vehicle’s A/C system. The filter eliminates the need to purchase separate equipment to recharge hybrid vehicles with electric motor driven compressors. About macsworldwideMobile Air Conditioning Society(MACS) WorldwideFounded in 1981, MACS is the leading non-profit trade association for the mobile air conditioning, heating and engine cooling system segment of the automotive aftermarket.Since 1991, MACS has assisted more than 600,000 technicians to comply with the 1990 U.S.
EPA Clean Air Act requirements for certification in refrigerant recovery and recycling to protect the environment. The Mobile Air Conditioning Society (MACS) Worldwide’s mission is clear and focused-as the recognized global authority on mobile air conditioning and heat transfer industry issues.www.macsw.org.
.April 20th, 2019 byEditor’s note: Electric vehicle incentives are available in several US states. We’ve shared summaries and lists of the available subsidies in the past, but it’s been a while and incentives are frequently changing. Below is a nice, simple, clear update from Matt Pressman and Zebra on 8 top US states. To check out the incentives in other states, head over to the.Originally posted on.In the US, the federal tax credit for electric vehicles has been cut in half from $7,500 to $3,750 for both Tesla and GM. Now, the current administration looks like it’s on clean cars. In the future, there could be hope things change.
But with the federal tax credit currently winding down, it’s worth investigating what electric car incentives also exist on the state level. Photos by Zach Shahan CleanTechnica“State governors, and not the federal government, are emerging as the leaders on vehicle electrification,” recently reported. So, are you aware which states have the best EV incentives available today? If not, don’t fret — has you covered.
The auto insurance experts analyzed which states have the best tax benefits, incentives, and government-offered rebates to promote electric vehicle ownership and use. Source:The Zebra compiled a list of the top 8 states that offer EV incentives. That said, each state has a slightly different set of rules and regulations for the tax rebates they provide. So be sure to review thoroughly in order to see precisely what type of EV-friendly tax incentives these highlighted states offer. Also, don’t forget to claim your federal tax credit if you qualify. COLORADORebate rates available by year (phaseout of tax program in place):. 2019: $5,000 for purchase, $2,500 for lease.
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2020: $4,000 for purchase, $2,000 for lease. 2021: $2,500 for purchase, $1,250 for leaseColorado offers the above tax rebates for purchasing or leasing an electric vehicle. Colorado has a phaseout plan implemented for this tax program, so if you live in Colorado and are considering purchasing an electric vehicle, be sure to do it sooner rather than later. These years refer to the year you purchase an electric vehicle, not the year the vehicle was made.
CONNECTICUTRebate rates available:. Plug-in hybrid: $1,000 rebate for 45 miles or greater range, $500 rebate for less than 45 miles range.
Battery electric: $2,000 rebate for 200 miles or greater range, $1,500 rebate for 120–199 miles range, $500 rebate for less than 120 miles range. Fuel cell electric: $5,000The Connecticut Hydrogen and Electric Automobile Purchase Rebate offers the above incentives for purchasing or leasing the specified vehicle types. To be eligible, the vehicle’s MSRP can’t exceed $50,000 for plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles and must not exceed $60,000 for fuel cell electric vehicles. DELAWARERebate rates available:. Battery electric vehicles: $3,500. Plug-in hybrid vehicles: $1,500Delaware also offers rebates for retrofitted battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
Read through Delaware’s clean fuel and transportation initiatives to learn more. MARYLANDRebate rates available:. Battery electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles: $100 per kilowatt-hour (kWh), up to $3,000. Home charging equipment: 40% off, up to $700Maryland offers the above incentives for all vehicles below $60,000 MSRP. Maryland is also one of the only states to offer a discount on home charging equipment. CALIFORNIARebate rates available:.
Zero-emission EV: $2,500 for purchase or lease. Plug-in hybrid: $2,500 for purchase or leaseCalifornia’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project offers the above tax rebate for zero-emission and plug-in hybrid vehicles. The program does have income eligibility restrictions that can disqualify you from the rebate.
Those income caps are:. $150,000: for single filers. $204,000: for head–of–household filers. $300,000: for joint filers6. MASSACHUSETTSRebate rates available:.
Battery electric vehicles: $2,500. Plug-in hybrid vehicles: $1,500The Massachusetts MOR-EV program offers the above rebates on vehicles under $60,000 MSRP. Massachusetts also offers $700 off the purchase of an electric vehicle charger.
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If your vehicle is over $60,000 MSRP, you can still claim $1,000 through the MOR-EV program. OREGONRebate rates available:. Battery electric vehicles with 10 kWh+ capacity: $2,500 purchase or lease. Plug-in hybrid vehicles with 10 kWh+ capacity: $2,500 purchase or lease. Battery electric vehicles with capacity of less than 10 kWh: $1,500 purchase or lease. Plug-in hybrid vehicles with capacity of less than 10 kWh: $1,500 purchase or leaseTechnically, the Oregon Clean Vehicle Rebate Program is not a tax credit, but rather a cash rebate on any qualifying purchase or lease.
Read through its FAQ to learn more. NEW YORKRebate rates available:. Electric vehicles over $60,000: $500. Electric vehicles under $60,000: $2,000New York’s above tax rebates are part of its Drive Clean Rebate program. The program has adjusted rates for the EPA ranges of the car. Those rates are:. Greater than 120 miles: $2,000.
40 to 119 miles: $1,700. 20 to 39 miles: $1,100Photos by Cynthia Shahan CleanTechnica.